The genesis of macroeconomics: new ideas from Sir William Petty to Henry Thornton

Annual reports are situated artefacts which relate a longitudinal grand narrative or corporate (auto)biography. This paper explores the narrative reporting of two former asbestos manufacturers, Turner &; Newall in the UK and James Hardie in Australia. Asbestos features prominently in the industrial expansion and decline of both companies as the toxic health effects of this ‘magic mineral’ became evident over time. This paper finds evidence of several distinct phases of reporting of asbestos, from reporting it as a source of unmitigated value, to a source of risk and finally as a threat to corporate viability. Each stage erased or re-situated the prior story of asbestos so that users of individual annual reports may be unaware of the grand narrative of asbestos in its transformation from ‘magic mineral to killer dust’.     

Networks and business development: Convict businesspeople in Australia, 1817–24

This article uses social network analysis to examine accounting records in order to establish and analyse business relationships. It applies this methodology to accounting transactions recorded at Australia's first bank, the Bank of New South Wales (BNSW) in order to establish whether a business network existed among ex-convict businesspeople in Sydney during 1817–24. Uncertainty regarding distance from suppliers and credit facilities, lack of markets and business connections plus the social stigma of ‘convictism’ meant that it was difficult but not impossible for ex-convicts to establish businesses. The network among BNSW shareholders and depositors served the purpose of pooling of resources and information and alleviating uncertainty.     

The evolution of the pharmaceutical-biotechnology industry

This paper presents an application of network economics to the formation of alliances in the biotechnology-pharmaceutical industry. The framework analysis provides insights under which firms create hybrid governance forms, integrate strategy and economics into a more holistic perspective on network strategy. Firm network types link network economies, competencies and market structure, creating integration between participants and change as additional dimensions. ‘Change’ introduces a dynamic, evolutionary aspect. The resulting contructs involve the network dimension as a mechanism design for investigating the evolution and life cycles of firm networks. An analysis of alliances within the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries develops the framework, including a historical tracing, and an empirical examination of the relationship between collaboration rate (CR) and market performance of major globally operating pharmaceutical firms. Case examples, supported quantitatively and qualitatively, provide evidence for the efficacy and implications of the network dimension.     

试论2011年全国结核病医院效益分析

2011年全国结核病医院运营良好,资产规模扩张速度快,工作效率有待提高,应加强资产管理,提高资产利用率,加强成本核算,节约成本费用,控制成本支出,加强流动资金利用和外部资金的利用能力。     

题库建设的项目分析及设计原则——以多项选择题为例

多项选择题作为语言测试的一种常用手段,以其诸多优点受到了出题者的青睐,这种测试手段可用来测量考生的听力水平、阅读能力,以及写作能力。与此同时,多项选择题的缺点也不容忽视。本文主要讨论了多项选择题的优缺点、干扰项的项目分析方法以及多项选择题在设计时应遵循的原则。     

浅谈电热毯的火灾危险性及火灾原因鉴别方法

本文结合电热毯火灾的特点和案例,分析了电热毯火灾的危险性,通过不同方法对电热毯火灾进行原因鉴别并总结方法,针对火灾特点,提出了电热毯火灾的预防措施。     

基于钻石理论模型的我国绿色产业竞争力实证分析——以山东省为例

基于钻石理论,运用因子分析方法,对全国30个省份的相关指标进行实证分析,得出山东省在绿色经营实力、政府推动力、市场需求以及科研开发方面占有绝对优势,但是在污染废弃物处理方面处于绝对劣势。因此,应该积极建立产业发展平台,结合＂黄蓝＂两大战略区,依托国际国内市场,拓展绿色产业领域,构建具有核心竞争力的绿色产业链,全面提升山东省绿色产业竞争力。     

Cointegration Analysis on the Factors that Affect China＇ s Current Account Surplus

利用中国1982～2009年的数据,采用E-G两步法、向量误差修正模型对中国经常项目顺差的影响因素进行了分析。结果表明,经常项目差额占GDP的比率与储蓄率（S/GDP）、净国外资产占GDP的比率（NFA/GDP）、投资率（资本形成总额/GDP）之间存在长期的均衡关系。其中,储蓄率、投资率对经常项目差额的影响较大,是造成经常项目顺差的主要因素。     

South Africa's economics of education: A stocktaking and an agenda for the way forward

This paper reviews some of the existing economics of education literature from the perspective of South Africa's education policymaking needs. It also puts forward a suggested research agenda for future work. The review is arranged according to five areas of research: rates of return, production functions, teacher incentives, benefit incidence analysis and cross-country comparisons. Production functions, especially if translated to cost-effectiveness models, can point to important policy solutions. Teacher incentives is a policy area that is in need of a better theoretical and empirical basis. Rates of return are difficult for policymakers to interpret, but suggest a need for a qualification below the Grade 12 level. While benefit incidence analysis can demonstrate large improvements in the equity of public financing, cross-country comparisons reveal that not only is the distribution of schooling outcomes particularly unequal, on average it is well below what the country's level of development would predict.     

需求分析视角下的企业员工外语培训——以嘉兴市外贸行业为例

运用需求分析模型,对嘉兴市涉外行业从岗位需求和从业人员培训需求两方面进行分析,并对两组数据进行了对比。认为应以需求为导向,合理定位员工外语培训目标;以需求为导向,科学合理设计培训课程;坚持以能力培养为主线,以听说技能为培训重点;坚持"以实用、应用为目的,以必须够用为度"的原则;课堂教学形式应体现"学习者为中心"的理念。